Japanese grammar: Inflection of 用言
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I am not sure if this system of explaining the inflection of 用言 (yougen) will work, but here is my first (incomplete) attempt at a table. A table in Romaji only is also planned. Discussions on additions in the talk-page please. --Geoff 19:19, 20 Feb 2004 (EST)
| 動詞 (doushi) |
形容詞 (keiyoushi) |
形容動詞 (keiyoudoushi) |
助動詞 (jodoushi) |
|||
| 一段動詞 | 五段動詞 | �??る, �?�る | ||||
| 終止形 (shuushikei) |
食�?�る 見る |
飲む 書�?? |
�??る �?�る |
新�?��?� �?��?� |
�??れ�?��?� �?��?��?� |
|
| 連体形 (rentaikei) |
食�?�る 見る |
飲む 書�?? |
�??る �?�る |
新�?��?� �?��?� |
�??れ�?��?� �?��?��?� |
|
| 連用形 1 (renyoukei) |
食�?� 見 |
飲�?� 書�?? |
�?? �?� |
新�?��?? �?��?? |
�??れ�?��?� �?��?��?� |
|
| 連用形 2 (renyoukei) |
食�?� 見 |
飲ん 書�?? |
�?? �?� |
新�?��?��?� �?��?? |
�??れ�?��?��?� �?��?��?� |
|
| 仮定形 (kateikei) |
食�?�れ- 見れ- |
飲�?- 書�?�- |
�??れ- �?�れ- |
新�?��?�れ- �?��?�れ- |
�??れ�?��?�ら- �?��?��?�ら |
|
| 未然形1 (mizenkei) |
食�?�- 見- |
飲�?�- 書�?�- |
�?�- �?�- |
新�?��??- �?��??- |
�??れ�?��?�- �?��?��?�- |
|
| 未然形2 (mizenkei) |
食�?�- 見- |
飲も- 書�?�- |
�?�- �?�- |
新�?��?��?- �?��?��?- |
�??れ�?��?��?- �?��?��?��?- |
|
| 命令形 (meireikei) |
食�?��? 見�? |
飲�? 書�?� |
�?��?� �?��? |
can't express in a word,dare to express in a few words 美�?��??-�?�れ �?��??-�?�れ |
can't express in a word, dare to express in a few words �??れ�?��?�-�?�れ �?��?��?�-�?�れ |
|
Note1:
in this table, 命令形 form is like an order.
so I don't recomend you to use the words in the table at the real conversation.
I recommend you use the words belows
食�?��?�(下�?��?�) instead of 食�?��?, 見�?�(下�?��?�) instead of 見�?
飲ん�?�(下�?��?�) instead of 飲�?, 書�?��?�(下�?��?�) instead of 書�?�
�??�?�(下�?��?�) instead of �?��?�, �?��?�(下�?��?�) instead of �?��?
these form are inflected 連用形2 form and followed by the inflected '�?�' of the copular-�?� or the inflected '�?�' of the copular-�?�
Note2:
連用形1 is the form for the copular-�?��?�(of the politeness) or some other verbals.
連用形2 is the form for the copular-�?�(or �?�) (of the past form).
未然形1 is the form for the copular-�?��?�(or �?�) (of denial form).
未然形2 is the form for the copular-�?�(or よ�?�) (of just before making the action)
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