Danúskjár Grammar
From UniLang Wiki
Contents |
Danúskjár Grammar
Genders
Danúskjár has three genders. They are grouped into three categories - the 'ein' group, the 'eina' and the 'eitt'. The 'ein' is masculine; 'eina' feminine, and 'eitt' neuter.
If an article goes in front of a noun then it's an indefinite article:
eitt þír - an animal
If it goes after, then the noun is definite:
sjav eina - the sheep
There are no easy way of telling the noun's gender so it'll have to be learned. Also the articles usually tell you the gender of the nouns.
Plurals
Each gender has an own plural ending:
for 'ein', the plural ending is -ðhn
for 'eina', the plural ending is -ín
for 'eitt', the plural ending is -ýn
ein: hál --> hálðhn
eina: sjav --> sjavín
eitt: þír --> þírýn
Cases
There are four cases: nominative, accusative, dative and genitive.
The nominative is the subject. It means someone (an actor) who performs an action. In English, we say "The cat catches the bird" - the cat is the subject because it does an action which is seeing. The accusative means the direct object - ie. the bird is the direct object because it is being seen by the cat. The dative means the indirect object - 'his friend' in "The boy sends a letter to his friend' is the indirect object because he receives the letter. Genitive is the possessor.
EIN:
nominative: skjýr
accusative: skjýrur
dative: skjýrum
genitive: skjýruss
EINA:
nominative: máþir
accusative: máþirar
dative: máþiram
genitive: máþirass
EITT:
nominative: býl
accusative: býlor
dative: býlom
genitive: býloss
Word Order
The word order is very flexible thanks to the case system. However, one word order is prefered:
Subject + Verb + Adverb + Direct Object + Time + Location + Indirect Object.
Example:
Máþir eina skrívar freyjalig eina brívar í dáðhum í hússum tel sönum ein.
The mother writes beautifully a letter today at home to the son.
Although, the word order is very flexible, the verb must always be the second item in any sentence and the subject (in this case) must follow the verb:
�? dáðhum skrívar freyjalig máþir eina í hússum eina brívar tel sönum ein.
Personal Pronouns
NOMINATIVE (subject):
I - éj
you - dú
he - hæn
she - hún
it - hön
we - vi
you - ni
they - þei
ACCUSATIVE (direct object):
me - méj
you - dí
him - har
her - hur
it - hor
us - öss
you - ní
them - þeír
DATIVE (indirect object):
(to) me - mí
(to) you - dem
(to) him - ham
(to) her - hum
(to) it - hom
(to) us - öss
(to) you - ním
(to) them - þeím
